Accents (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))

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### 23.5 Accents

LaTeX has wide support for many of the world’s scripts and languages, through the `babel` package and related support if you are using pdfLaTeX, or `polyglossia` if you are using XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX. This section does not cover that support. It only lists the core LaTeX commands for creating accented characters. The `\capital...` commands shown here produce alternative forms for use with capital letters. These are not available with OT1.

Below, to make them easier to find, the accents are all illustrated with lowercase ‘`o`’.

Note that `\i` produces a dotless i, and `\j` produces a dotless j. These are often used in place of their dotted counterparts when they are accented.

`\"`
`\capitaldieresis`

  ö Umlaut (dieresis).

`\'`
`\capitalacute`

  ó Acute accent.

`\.`

  ȯ Dot accent.

`\=`
`\capitalmacron`

  ō Macron (overbar) accent.

`\^`
`\capitalcircumflex`

  ô Circumflex (hat) accent.

`\``
`\capitalgrave`

  ò Grave accent.

`\~`
`\capitaltilde`

  ñ Tilde accent.

`\b`

  o_ Bar accent underneath.

  Related to this, `\underbar{text}` produces a bar under text. The argument is always processed in LR mode (see Modes). The bar is always a fixed position under the baseline, thus crossing through descenders. See also `\underline` in Math miscellany.

`\c`
`\capitalcedilla`

  ç Cedilla accent underneath.

`\d`
`\capitaldotaccent`

  ọ Dot accent underneath.

`\H`
`\capitalhungarumlaut`

  ő Long Hungarian umlaut accent.

`\k`
`\capitalogonek`

  ǫ Ogonek. Not available in the OT1 encoding.

`\r`
`\capitalring`

  o* Ring accent.

`\t`
`\capitaltie`
`\newtie`
`\capitalnewtie`

  oo[ Tie-after accent. The `\newtie` form is centered in its box.

`\u`
`\capitalbreve`

  ŏ Breve accent.

`\v`
`\capitalcaron`

  ǒ Háček (check, caron) accent.

Unofficial LaTeX2e reference manual